Zero Mortality During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Review in 418 Workers at a Health University
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Mortality due to Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia are the second highest in Asia on period 2020-2021, but there is one of health university that zero mortality. Some of the factors that cause high mortality are only assumptions from researchers, need to be clarified scientifically. Aim of study is to analyze factors that causes zero mortality during covid-19 outbreak.
Methods: We performed a descriptive study using result of medical check up workers within the first 1 year of the pandemic. All workers consist of lecturers, administrative staff, drivers, and cleaning staff were included as much as 418 persons. Patients were assessed for their gender, age, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and electrocardiography based on laboratory test and interview. We analyze data using descriptive based on characteristics respondents. Data collected in December 2021. The examination is carried out by a certified laboratory.
Results: The age of the workers is mostly young, the small incidence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and heart health problems, have the potential to be a reason for zero mortality during the covid 19 outbreak in 418 workers. Hypertension, gender, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and aritmia unrelated to mortality, but related to severity. Age directly related to mortality.
Conclusion: A healthy body is an asset in dealing with a pandemic. Periodic checks on blood sugar, electrocardiography, cholesterol, body mass index, is needed in preparing for the next pandemic minimum once every 6 months.
Article Details
References
Abumweis, S., Alrefai, W., & Alzoughool, F. (2022). Association of obesity with COVID-19 diseases severity and mortality: A meta-analysis of studies. Obesity Medicine, 33(May), 100431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obmed.2022.100431
Alissa, D. A., Aburas, W., Almasuood, R., Almudaiheem, H. Y., Al Aseri, Z., Alrabiah, F., … Al-jedai, A. H. (2023). Prevalence and epidemiological trends in mortality due to COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Public Health, 215, 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2022.07.014
An, J., Zhou, H., Luong, T. Q., Wei, R., Mefford, M. T., Harrison, T. N., … Reynolds, K. (2021). Risk of hospitalization and mortality associated with uncontrolled blood pressure in patients with hypertension and COVID-19. International Journal of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention, 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcrp.2021.200117
Bölen, F., Baycan, O. F., Cesur, A., & Agirbasli, M. A. (2022). Uric Acid To High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Is a Significant Predictor of Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 79(9), 2076. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(22)03067-4
Chang, Y., Jeon, J., Song, T. J., & Kim, J. (2023). Association of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with severe complications of COVID-19. Heliyon, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17428
Cunha, M. C. A., Schardong, J., Righi, N. C., Lunardi, A. C., Sant’Anna, G. N., Isensee, L. P., … Carvalho, C. R. F. (2023). Aging-related predictive factors for oxygenation improvement and mortality in COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients exposed to prone position: A multicenter cohort study. Clinics, 78(September 2022), 100180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100180
Du, Y., Zhou, N., Zha, W., & Lv, Y. (2021). Hypertension is a clinically important risk factor for critical illness and mortality in COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31(3), 745–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.009
Dyusupova, A., Faizova, R., Yurkovskaya, O., Belyaeva, T., Terekhova, T., Khismetova, A., … Glushkova, N. (2021). Clinical characteristics and risk factors for disease severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus in Kazakhstan: A nationwide study. Heliyon, 7(3), e06561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06561
Eryilmaz-Eren, E., Ture, Z., Kilinç-Toker, A., Korkmaz, S., & Çelik, İ. (2022). The course of COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies and risk factors affecting mortality: A cross-sectional study. Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy, (xx), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.10.001
Feng, Z. (2023). Spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 mortality and its relationship with socioeconomic and environmental factors in England. Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology, 45(May 2022), 100579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sste.2023.100579
Harbuwono, D. S., Handayani, D. O. T. L., Wahyuningsih, E. S., Supraptowati, N., Ananda, Kurniawan, F., … Tahapary, D. L. (2022). Impact of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19 clinical symptoms and mortality: Jakarta’s COVID-19 epidemiological registry. Primary Care Diabetes, 16(1), 65–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2021.11.002
Hernández-Vásquez, A., Visconti-Lopez, F. J., Alburqueque-Cruz, R., & Rojas-Roque, C. (2023). Hospitalizations and mortality of patients with heart failure in the COVID-19 era in Peru. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 18(1), 186–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.07.009
Heymann, D. L. (2020). A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Thelancet, 395, 15–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9
Hwang, T. J., Rabheru, K., Peisah, C., Reichman, W., & Ikeda, M. (2020). Loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Psychogeriatrics, 32(10), 1217–1220. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610220000988
Lu, J. Y., Wilson, J., Hou, W., Fleysher, R., Herold, B. C., Herold, K. C., & Duong, T. Q. (2023). Incidence of new-onset in-hospital and persistent diabetes in COVID-19 patients: comparison with influenza. EBioMedicine, 90, 104487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104487
Lv, F., Gao, X., Huang, A. H., Zu, J., He, X., Sun, X., … Ji, F. (2022). Excess diabetes mellitus-related deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. EClinicalMedicine, 54(September), 101671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101671
Martín-del-Campo, F., Ruvalcaba-Contreras, N., Velázquez-Vidaurri, A. L., Cueto-Manzano, A. M., Rojas-Campos, E., Cortés-Sanabria, L., … Mireles-Ramírez, M. (2021). Morbid obesity is associated with mortality and acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 45, 200–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.08.027
Nadakinamani, R. G., Reyana, A., Gupta, Y., Kautish, S., Ghorashi, S., Jamjoom, M. M., & Wagdy Mohamed, A. (2023). High-performance association rule mining: Mortality prediction model for cardiovascular patients with COVID-19 patterns. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 71, 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2023.03.036
Palermo dos Santos, A. C., Japur, C. C., Passos, C. R., Lunardi, T. C. P., Lovato, W. J., & Pena, G. das G. (2022). Nutritional risk, not obesity, is associated with mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 16(5), 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2022.08.005
Sarkar, S., Das, D., Borsingh Wann, S., Kalita, J., & Manna, P. (2021). Is diabetes mellitus a wrongdoer to COVID-19 severity? Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 178, 108936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108936
SatgasCovid-19. (2021). Monitoring Pemantauan Protokol Kesehatan di Wilayah Indonesia. In Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19. Retrieved from https://covid19.go.id/
Setyorini, Y., Ardesa, Y. H., & Darmawan, R. E. (2022). Indonesians’ readiness in facing long-term COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Ners, 17(1), 14–18. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v17i1.28707
Shams, M., & Nasreen, M. (2023). International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction Socio-economic impacts of Covid-19 through gender lens : A situational assessment in Dhaka city , Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 93(April), 103698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103698
Sharma, P., Behl, T., Sharma, N., Singh, S., Grewal, A. S., Albarrati, A., … Bungau, S. (2022). COVID-19 and diabetes: Association intensify risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 151(April), 113089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113089
So, M., Takahashi, M., Miyamoto, Y., Ishisaka, Y., Iwagami, M., Tsugawa, Y., … Kuno, T. (2022). The effect of obesity on in-hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19 receiving corticosteroids. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 16(1), 102373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102373
Torres, C., García, J., Meslé, F., Barbieri, M., Bonnet, F., Camarda, C. G., … Robine, J. M. (2023). Identifying age- and sex-specific COVID-19 mortality trends over time in six countries. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 128, 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.004
Vasudeva, R., Challa, A., Al Rifai, M., Polana, T., Duran, B., Vindhyal, M., & Lewis, E. F. (2022). Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in COVID-19 related mortality in the United States. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 74, 122–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2022.09.002
Wang, H., Comfort, H., Aravkin, A. Y., Fuller, J. E., & Allorant, A. (2022). Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020-21. Lancet (London, England), 399(10334), 1513–1536. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02796-3
WHO. (2020). Coronavirus disease ( COVID-19 ).
WHO. (2022). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. Retrieved from WHO website: https://covid19.who.int/
Yamamoto, T., Harada, K., Yoshino, H., Nakamura, M., Kobayashi, Y., Yoshikawa, T., … Takayama, M. (2023). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence and mortality of emergency cardiovascular diseases in Tokyo. Journal of Cardiology, 82, 134–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.01.001
Zakaria, A., Piper, M., Douda, L., Jackson, N. M., Flynn, J. C., Misra, D. P., … Sankari, A. (2021). Determinants of all-cause in-hospital mortality among patients who presented with COVID-19 to a community teaching hospital in Michigan. Heliyon, 7(12), e08566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08566