JKG (Jurnal Keperawatan Global) (E-ISSN : 2580-5916; ISSN : 2528-0120) is an nursing journal which publishes scientific works for nurses, academics, and practitioners. JKG welcomes and invites original and relevant research articles in nursing, as well as literature study and case report particularly in nursing.The journal is published regularly in Juny and Desember every year. JKG welcomes and invites researchers from around the world to submit their papers (original research article, systematic review, and case study) for publication in this journal. All papers are published as soon as they have been accepted. Publisher of JKG (Jurnal Keperawatan Global) is Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta. ACCREDITATION: RE-ACCREDITATION RESULT Based on Excerpts and Decrees of the Minister of Research and Technology / Head of the National Research and Innovation Agency, Jurnal Keperawatan Global has accredited SINTA 3 (3nd Grade Journal). The Accreditation is valid until 2029. EDITORIAL: ENGLISH LANGUAGE Since Vol. 6 No. 1 March 2021, Jurnal Keperawatan Global only receives full-text manuscript in ENGLISH. Thank you.
Pop-Up Book–Based Psychoeducation Improves Self-Esteem and Strengthens Bullying Prevention Among Elementary School Children
Background: Bullying is a serious problem that is repeatedly. Bullying can be experienced by a person because they have low self-esteem. One way to overcome bullying is to increase children’s self-esteem from an early age through bullying prevention psychoeducation with pop-up book media. This study aims to determine the effect of psychoeducation on bullying prevention with pop-up book media on self-esteem in 3 Kacangan public elementary school children. Methods: This type of quantitative research uses a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with 36 respondents. The instrument used is the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The intervention was carried out 3 times, and data analysis was performed using Paired T-Test. Results: The results of the analysis of the paired sample t-test self-esteem from 36 respondents showed an increase in the level of self-esteem with a p value of < 0.001, so that there was a psychoeducational effect on bullying prevention with pop-up book media on self-esteem in elementary school children. Conclusion: There is an effect of psychoeducation on bullying prevention with pop-up book media on self-esteem in elementary school children. The use of interactive and interesting educational media can increase students' understanding of the causes, impacts, and ways to prevent bullying so that students are better able to control their social behavior. In addition, increasing self-esteem in students is an important factor in forming confidence, positive attitudes, and children's ability to interact healthily with peers.
Copyright (c) 2026 JKG (JURNAL KEPERAWATAN GLOBAL)
The Influence of Promotion and Prevention Models in Preventing Psychosocial Problems in Nurses at Medan City Hospital
Background: Psychosocial problems experienced by nurses when working in hospitals. Promotion Model Mental Health Promotion and Prevention is a solution that can be offered to prevent psychosocial problems in nurses. The aim of this study is to identify the influence of the promotion and prevention model on the prevention of psychosocial problems among nurses at Medan City Hospital. Methods: Quasi-experimental research design with a control group. The study was conducted on nurses at one of the hospitals in Medan City with a sample of 100 nurses, with details of 50 nurses in the intervention group and 50 nurses in the control group taken using purposive sampling. The research instrument used GAD-7. The intervention provided was a mental health promotion and prevention model (stress management training and self-help group therapy). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test to assess within-group differences and the Mann–Whitney U Test to compare post-intervention anxiety levels between the intervention and control groups. Results: The study showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the level of anxiety of nurses after the intervention. There was a significant reduction in anxiety levels among nurses following the implementation of the mental health promotion and prevention model in the intervention group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that the intervention was significantly effective in reducing the anxiety levels of nurses at Medan City Hospital. This mental health promotion and prevention model can be implemented to prevent psychosocial problems early in healthcare workers.
Ejection Fraction and Age as Predictors of Sleep Quality after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery
Background: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) requires a longer recovery and high risk of complication including sleep quality. This study aims to identify factors associated with sleep quality in patient post-CABG surgery. Methods: This research used cross-sectional method and consecutive sampling with 100 respondents. The questionnaires used in this study were Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). Results: Prevalence of poor sleep quality (51%) was quite high compared to good sleep quality (49%). There was a significant correlation between ejection fraction (p 0,031 OR 4,718), age (p 0,039; OR 3,309), and sleep quality of post-CABG surgery. Results of logistic regression contained 4 variables related to sleep quality: ejection fraction (p 0,017 OR 5,520), age (p 0,026 OR 3,659), beta blockers (p 0,067 OR 8,544) and diabetes mellitus (p 0,145 OR 1,918). Conclusion: Ejection fraction and age as a predictor of sleep quality. Nurses should assess the sleep quality of post-CABG surgery by considering these four variables: ejection fraction ≤ 40%, middle age, moderate-risk beta blockers and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Effect of Family Caregiver Empowerment on Binge Eating Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Background: Improper diet arrangements in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients can cause eating patterns to be disturbed in the form of binge eating behavior. The family can play a helping role in improving diabetes management. One of the interventions that can be given to empower families is the Family Caregiver Empowerment Model (FCEM). This study aimed to analyze the effect of FCEM on binge eating in T2D patients. Methods: This study was a randomized control group pre-test and post-test design with a total sample of 85 respondents taken by cluster random sampling, divided randomly (treatment = 41; control = 44). The independent variable is FCEM, while the dependent variable is binge eating behavior. Data was collected using the Indonesian version of the Binge Eating Scale questionnaire and analyzed used the Wilcoxon sign rank test and independent T-test. Results: There were differences in binge eating behavior in the treatment group before and after intervention (Z= -5.347; p=0.001), whereas in the control group, there was no difference in pre-test and post-test scores (Z= -0.599; p= 0.549). The study result showed that there was a significant difference in the average value between the treatment and control groups (t =5.017; p=0.001). Conclusion: FCEM intervention can reduce binge eating behavior to increase adherence to the diabetes diet program. Nurses can use FCEM intervention to empower family caregiver to help T2D patients improve and maintain eating habits to improve diabetes self-care behaviors.
Nurturing Care Practices and Developmental Outcomes in Acutely Ill Children Aged 12-36 Months: A Cross-Sectional Study
Background: The period from 12 to 36 months represents a critical window for child development, yet the relationship between nurturing care practices and developmental outcomes during acute illness remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal nurturing care practices and the developmental status of acutely ill children aged 12-36 months in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted among 70 mother-child pairs recruited through consecutive sampling. Maternal nurturing care practices were assessed using a modified questionnaire adapted from UNICEF Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices tools. Child development was evaluated using the Indonesian Pre-Screening Development Questionnaire (KPSP). Maternal depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results: The majority of mothers (57.1%) demonstrated poor nurturing care practices, while 84.3% of acutely ill children showed age-appropriate development. Most mothers (80.0%) were aged 20-35 years, had secondary education (50.0%), and were not experiencing depression (68.6%). Fever was the most common acute illness (44.3%), with a median duration of 3 days. No statistically significant association was found between maternal nurturing care practices and child development status (p=0.331, OR=2.250, 95% CI: 0.543-9.330). Additionally, established developmental predictors including maternal education (p=0.745), family economic status (p=1.000), and maternal depression (p=0.873) showed no significant associations with developmental outcomes. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for context-specific nurturing care assessment tools and longitudinal research designs to better understand the complex dynamics between caregiving practices, acute illness, and developmental outcomes in young children.
Copyright (c) 2025 JKG (JURNAL KEPERAWATAN GLOBAL)
Health Status and Quality of Life in Depok Slum Communities through Stunting Prevention
Background: There are 11 slum areas in Depok City. Slums are correlated with populations that are easily exposed to diseases and have limited economic capabilities, resulting in the lack of hygiene and healthy living behaviors (PHBS), including adequate nutritional needs. This living condition poses a risk of reducing the quality of life of the residents. This research aims to determine the correlation between health status and quality of life to prevent stunting among residents in slum areas of Depok City. Method: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional research design. A total of 160 respondents were selected using a non-probability quota sampling technique from a population of 400 heads of households across four identified urban slum areas. Data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument and were analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: All dimensions of the health status variable namely physical environment, social conditions, economic conditions, mental health, healthcare support, and family support demonstrated a significant relationship with each dimension of quality of life, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental well-being (all dimensions p < 0.05). All independent variables showed p-values < 0.05 based on Chi-Square analysis. Conclusion: Given the proven significant influence of health status on the quality of life of residents in slum areas, it is hoped that the Depok City government will undertake development efforts to improve these slum areas so that the Human Development Index (HDI) of Depok City can be achieved, thereby fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Effectiveness of Symbolic Communication Therapy on Expressive Abilities in Post- Stroke Aphasia
Background: Aphasia is a major post-stroke complication that causes communication difficulties and significantly reduces patients’ quality of life. Conventional speech therapy is often limited by time and resources, highlighting the need for technology-based alternatives that can be practiced independently at home. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a symbolic communication therapy (SCT) application in improving communication skills among stroke patients with aphasia. Methods: A one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design was used with 15 motor-aphasia patients recruited from the Neurology Ward of Haji Medan General Hospital. Participants used an Android-based SCT application for six weeks (two 30-minute sessions per day). Functional communication ability was assessed using the Derby Functional Communication Scale (DFCS) before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Results: The SCT application significantly improved patients’ communication performance. DFCS scores increased in expression (5.93 to 6.93), comprehension (5.47 to 7.93), and interaction (4.93 to 6.93) domains (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The SCT application effectively enhances functional communication in post-stroke aphasia patients and can serve as a complementary, low-cost tool within neurological rehabilitation programs, particularly in resource-limited healthcare settings.
Evaluation of Spiritual Management Approach on Stress in Palliative Patients
Background: A palliative condition refers to a progressive and incurable state, where the focus of healthcare transitions from curative measures to comprehensive support addressing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects, aiming to enhance the quality of life for both patients and their families. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of a Groups ‘Peer Support’ (GPS)-based spiritual management approach on reducing stress among palliative patients in a hospital setting. Method: This study employed a quantitative quasi-experimental design with a pre- and post-test approach without a control group, involving 50 respondents selected through simple random sampling. The research instruments consisted of observation sheets, the Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine respondent characteristics, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to assess pre and post intervention differences, and Spearman Rank and simple linear regression tests to identify influencing factors. Results: Most respondents were male (60.0%), aged 41–50 years (34.0%), with elementary education (28.0%), and commonly diagnosed with heart disease (26.0%). The mean stress score decreased from 3.06 to 2.74 after the intervention, with the Wilcoxon test confirming a significant reduction (Z = -2.889; p = 0.004). However, spiritual management (r = 0.062; p = 0.670) and nurse competence (p = 0.601) were not significantly associated with stress levels. Conclusion: The intervention effectively reduced stress in palliative patients, although spiritual management and nurse competence were not significant predictors, suggesting that other factors contributed to stress reduction.
Development of Self-Regulation Model Based on Health Promotion Model on Anemia Prevention Behavior in Pregnant Women
Background: Anemia prevention in pregnant women is essential to reduce health risks for both mother and fetus. This study aimed to develop a self-regulation model for anemia prevention behavior based on the Health Promotion Model. Methods: An explanatory design with a cross-sectional approach was applied to 115 pregnant women attending health centers in Surabaya, selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SEM-PLS. Results: The findings showed that anemia prevention behavior was significantly influenced by behavioral self-regulation (T=2.945) through personal regulation (T=5.932), which was shaped by environmental self-regulation (T=8.611) and individual characteristics (T=3.302). Commitment did not directly affect anemia prevention behavior (T=0.144; p=0.886). The model demonstrated substantial explanatory power, with R² values of 71.9% for behavioral self-regulation and 43.1% for anemia prevention behavior. Predictive relevance (Q² > 0) confirmed the model’s robustness across different contexts. Conclusion: This study highlights the pivotal role of self-regulation processes in shaping anemia prevention behavior. The model can serve as a framework for nursing interventions to strengthen self-regulation among pregnant women and improve maternal and fetal health outcomes.
Augmented Reality Enhances Indonesian Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Motivation in Open Fracture Learning
Background: Open fracture cases have complex management that involves bleeding control based on comprehensive knowledge and training. Augmented Reality (AR) offers an interactive learning approach that may enhance nursing students' motivation and knowledge of emergency open fracture cases. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of augmented reality in improving the knowledge and learning motivation of Indonesian nursing students regarding open fracture learning. Methods: This study used a cluster randomized pretest–posttest control group design involving four class groups of nursing students (n = 155). Two clusters received the Open Fracture Augmented Reality Application, while two received conventional lectures. Motivation was measured using the validated MSLQ, and knowledge using a 29-item validated questionnaire. Both groups completed pretest and posttest assessments. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon, and Mann–Whitney tests (α = 0.05). Results: A total of 155 nursing students participated, with balanced baseline characteristics between groups. The AR intervention significantly improved knowledge (p = 0.001, r = 0.38) and motivation (p = 0.022, r = 0.27) in the intervention group, while no significant gains occurred in the control group. Between-group analysis showed higher posttest knowledge in the AR group (p = 0.005), indicating that AR was more effective than conventional instruction, particularly for cognitive outcomes. Conclusion: Augmented Reality–based learning significantly improves nursing students’ knowledge of open-fracture management compared with traditional methods, while showing no significant between-group differences in motivation, highlighting AR’s value as an effective supplemental tool for enhancing understanding of complex clinical content.
The Effect of Social Support on Self-Care Behavior of People with Leprosy in Madura Indonesia
Background: Leprosy has a long-standing history and continues to cause not only health-related complications but also major social difficulties. Individuals affected by this disease require interpersonal support to perform proper self-care and to minimize the risk of further transmission. This research sought to examine the effect of social group support on self-care practices among people with leprosy in Sumenep Regency, Madura, Indonesia. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out between August and November 2021 in Sumenep Regency. The target population comprised 232 leprosy patients registered at 28 health centers, from which 145 participants were chosen using proportional random sampling. The research instrument was questionnaire covers two main domains: Social Group Support and Self-Care Behavior. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS. Results: The findings revealed that social group support had a significant impact on self-care behaviors, with a T-value of 6.368 (>1.96). In addition, personal factors also influenced self-care, as indicated by a T-value of 4.110 (>1.96). Conclusion: Both social and personal support significantly enhance self-care behavior in leprosy patients. Strengthening group-based and individual support is therefore essential to improve self-care practices and decrease the likelihood of disease transmission.
The Effect of Mobile Application “Pergiene Care” On Improving Perineal Hygiene Among Adolescent Girls
Background: Perineal hygiene is a way to treat and maintain cleanliness of the genital area to preserve the health of reproductive organs. Knowledge and attitudes can improve perineal hygiene. This study aimed to determine the effect of a mobile application on knowledge and attitudes among adolescents about perineal hygiene for preventing vaginal discharge. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with a control group. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling, with 84 respondents divided into two groups of 42 each. The instrument used was the Perineal Hygiene Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire. The data were analysed using the T-test and the Mann-Whitney U. Results: The study showed differences in the pre- and post-intervention knowledge and attitudes scores in the intervention group (p=0.001;<0.05). In the control group, there was no difference in the pre- and post-test scores of knowledge (p=0.884; p>0.05) and attitudes (p=0.343; p>0.05). The results of the knowledge and attitude post-test scores between the intervention and control groups were significantly different (p=0.001; p <0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that there was an increase in knowledge and attitudes towards perineal hygiene after providing health education through the “Pergiene Care” application. The Pergiene Care application can be used as an educational medium for adolescents to improve perineal hygiene.
The Experience of Parents in Reducing Children's Autism Tantrums in West Java: A Phenomenological Study
Background: In autistic children, temper tantrums can occur in association with other challenging behaviors like sleep problems, selective eating, anxiety, irritability, self-harm, and aggression. Families who have adult autistic children experience burdens in their lives. Poor communication and interaction with the child at home provoke an emotional tantrum. This study aims to explore family experiences in reducing children's autistic tantrums through family support. Methods: This phenomenological study involved seven parents of adolescents with autism. The study was carried out over a period of six months, from September 2022 to March 2023, covering the stages of preparation, participant recruitment, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and verbatim transcription. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method, which comprised verbatim transcription, identification of significant statements, coding, clustering of themes, and the development of an essential description of the parents’ lived experiences. Results: Six themes were constructed from the study: (1) The process of accepting their children with special needs; (2) Parents' expectations of their children; (3) Internal and external support in reducing autism tantrums; (4) Children join with activities; (5) Enforcement of rules in the family; (6) Family isolation. Conclusion: This study highlights the central role of families in caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly in managing tantrums. Families apply spiritual values, collaborate among members, and use practical strategies such as providing a safe space, allowing calming time, and redirecting children to meaningful activities. The findings emphasize that family-centered approaches can enhance children’s adaptive abilities and quality of life while reducing caregiver burden.
Relationship Between Knowledge and Perception with HIV/AIDS Prevention Efforts in Key Populations
Background: HIV transmission often occurs through unsafe sex, particularly with sex workers, making key populations crucial in the spread of HIV/AIDS. One key strategy to reduce HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality is implementing prevention programs targeting at-risk groups. The study aims to examine the relationship between knowledge and perception and HIV/AIDS prevention efforts among key populations in Tangerang City. Method: Quantitative with cross-sectional analytical correlation. A sample of 69 people was conducted by snowball technic sampling. This study used the HIV-KQ-18, HIV perceptions statements referring to the six components of the Health Belief Model theory and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS). Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square Test of Independence to assess the relationship between knowledge level, perception level. Results: respondent characteristics Age ≥ 21 years 59.4%, high school education 69.7%, length of work ≥ 3 years 59.3%. Relationship between knowledge level and HIV/AIDS prevention efforts: p-value 0.002. Relationship between perception level and HIV/AIDS prevention efforts: p-value 0.002. Relationship between knowledge and perception and HIV/AIDS prevention efforts: p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: The study found that knowledge and perception significantly influence HIV/AIDS prevention among female sex workers. However, consistent prevention is hindered by personal, social, and structural barriers, including negotiation difficulties, economic dependence, stigma, and limited-service access. Effective interventions must be comprehensive, combining knowledge improvement with skills training, stigma reduction, barrier removal, and supportive policies.
Individual Characteristics and Locus of Control as Factors Related to Burnout in Nurses
Background: Burnout is a condition of extreme fatigue and exhaustion that is widely experienced by workers. Nurses who work on the front line for 24 hours are at high risk of burnout, which can jeopardise their wellbeing as well as patient safety and quality of care. This study aims to identify the dominant factors, including individual characteristics, work environment, locus of control, and work experience, that influence burnout among hospital nurses. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the level of burnout. The sample was 431 nurses who was selected from the hospital using stratified random sampling to ensure the representation of different work units or departments. Date analysis was performed using Structured Equation Modelling (SEM) to examine the complex relationships between the variables. Results: The results of the bivariate analysis indicate that there is a relationship between respondent characteristics and nurse burnout incidence. A significant negative relationship was found between the work environment and burnout occurrence, as well as a relationship between years of work experience and burnout incidence. Meanwhile, the results of the multivariate analysis showed that characteristics, work environment, locus of control, and work experience influence burnout by 10.9%. Conclusion: This study shows that the variables of characteristics, work environment, locus of control, and work experience account for 10.9% of the burnout. This study recommends improving the work environment, strengthening locus of control, and providing mentoring for nurses with low experience to prevent burnout.
Nursing Process in Central Java Correctional Institutions: Qualitative Descriptive Study
Background: Correctional institution nurses in carrying out the nursing process differ from other specialist nurses who work outside the correctional institution facility. A lot of research on the nursing process has been carried out in hospital and puskesmas settings. However, few research is found in the correctional institution setting. The purpose of the study was to describe the implementation of the nursing process in the Central Java Correctional Institution. Methods: The researcher used a qualitative study with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection was done online using semi-structured interview guidelines about the nursing process in correctional institutions with a duration of 30 minutes. Study participants were saturated with nine participants of nurses. Data trustworthiness using Guba's idea technique and data analysis in this study used the analytical procedures of Zhang and Wildemuth. Results: In this study, the researchers described several themes based on the research objectives. The five objective themes are conducting record of health checks for new inmates, no standardization of nursing care, regulations in providing services to inmates, the implementation of individual and group nursing care, and collaboration with agencies outside prisons and detention centers. Conclusion: The findings of this study need to get attention from all parties such as the Ministry of Law and Human Rights and Indonesian National Nurses Association (INNA) to maintain the quality-of-care services for inmates. Furthermore, the quality of prison nurses in carrying out nursing practices also should be confirmed in line with nursing professional standards.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy on Relapse in Schizophrenia Patients with Hallucinations
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder characterized by psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Relapses in schizophrenia patients often occur even after undergoing pharmacological treatment. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) has been reported to be effective in reducing relapses through cognitive restructuring and improving patients' coping with psychotic symptoms. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of CBT on reducing relapse rates in patients with schizophrenia, especially in hallucination. Methods: The systematic review was conducted using the JBI approach. The included articles were primary studies with an RCT or quasi-experimental design, published between 2015 and 2024, and available in full text. The selection process was conducted using the PRISMA method, and the final results consisted of 7 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: Most studies show that CBT is effective in reducing relapse, improving quality of life or social functioning, and reducing positive and negative psychotic symptoms. Culturally-based CBT and CBT by videoconference have been reported to expand access to intervention. The side effects of CBT are relatively low, but some studies report a decline in impact after therapy is discontinued. Conclusion: CBT is effective in preventing relapse in schizophrenia patients with hallucinations by reducing psychotic symptoms and improving patient coping. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of CBT.
Effectiveness of Video-Based Cardiac Health Training on Health Behavior in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients
Background: Hospital readmissions among patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) are frequently linked to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, smoking, and medication nonadherence. These modifiable risk factors significantly contribute to recurrent events and adverse outcomes, highlighting the need for effective secondary prevention strategies. Video-based health education offers a consistent and scalable approach to support behavioral change. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a video-based cardiac health education program in improving healthy behaviors among ACS patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design was employed involving 57 ACS patients without severe complications. Participants were recruited via consecutive sampling and assigned to either the intervention group (n = 27) or control group (n = 30). The Modified Cardiac Health Behavior Scale (MCHBS) was used to assess healthy behaviors at baseline and after the intervention. The intervention comprised a video-based cardiac health education program with a 21-day follow-up period. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests for within-group comparisons and independent t-tests for between-group differences. Results: Baseline healthy behavior scores did not differ significantly between groups (p>0.05). Post-intervention, both groups showed significant improvement; however, the intervention group demonstrated a significantly greater increase (M±SD = 24.85±5.45) compared to the control group (M±SD = 10.67±6.57), with a mean difference of 14.18 (p<0.001) and a large effect size (Hedges’ g = 2.337). Conclusion: Video-based cardiac health education effectively promotes healthier behaviors in ACS patients and holds promise as a scalable intervention to enhance secondary prevention and reduce hospital readmissions.
Can a Group-Based Hope Intervention Reduce the Anxiety Level of Female Inmates?
Background: The prevalence of anxiety disorders is significantly higher among female inmates, often leading to reduced quality of life and maladaptive behaviors. Existing non-pharmacological therapies demonstrate limitations in correctional settings, creating a need for specialized interventions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of group-based hope interventions on anxiety levels among female inmates. Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test and posttest design with a control group. A total of 56 participants (n=28 intervention, n=28 control) were selected using purposive sampling. The group-based intervention was delivered in 10 sessions, comprising four for group formation and six core sessions focused on goals, pathways, and agency. Anxiety levels were measured using the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Analysis utilized paired t-tests and independent t-tests. Results: The intervention group showed a substantial decrease in mean anxiety scores from 43.00±3.859 (pre-test) to 34.61 ± 4.400 (post test) (Mean different = 8.393; p < 0.001). The control group also exhibited a significant change, with a slight mean increase of 1.821 points (p < 0.001). The independent t-test confirmed that the anxiety reduction in the intervention group was substantially greater than that of the control group (Mean different –10.571; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Group-based hope intervention proved to be significantly effective in reducing anxiety levels in female prisoners compared to the control group. These findings support the implementation of this strategy as an evidence-based, practical mental health approach in correctional settings.
Effect of Islamic Spiritual Mindfulness via Mobile Aplication (SI-DEPAPU) on Social Interaction in Isolated Patients
Background: Social interaction is an important indicator during the process of social isolation treatment. The less active social interaction could lead to other mental disorders such as hallucination, suicide risk, self-care deficit, and violence risk. The study investigated the effect of Islamic Spiritual Mindfulness on Discharged Patient Detection Information System (SI-DEPAPU) application to enhance the social interaction of schizophrenia patients with social isolation. Methods: The research design used was quasi-experimental with a pre-post test method. The study used purposive sampling with 40 respondents divided into two groups of 20 people each. The instruments used were the Social Interaction Questionnaire and Behavioral Observation Sheet, which have been tested for validity and reliability. The statistical tests used included the paired t-test to assess social interaction within the group, the independent t-test to compare before the intervention, and the Mann-Whitney test for after the intervention. Results: The research finding showed the difference in the social interaction of patients before and after the intervention between the intervention group and control group (p=<0.001; <0.05), of which the mean value of the intervention group (43.79) was more significant than the control group (15.21). Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there was an increase in social interaction in patients after receiving Islamic spiritual mindfulness therapy. The SI-DEPAPU application can be implemented as a mental health nursing intervention to improve the social interaction of patients with schizophrenia who suffer from social isolation.
Diabetes Self-Care and Quality of Life Improvement Through Community Self-Help Group
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a major cause of death worldwide due to complications, and its incidence is fairly high and predicted to continue to rise each year. This contributes to a low quality of life and poor self-care management, necessitating an effective treatment strategy consisting of self-help group (SHG) therapy that expands social networks, receives information, and receives emotional support from group members in order to provide numerous benefits. The purpose of this study was to assess if community-based self-help group interventions improve the quality of life and self-care management of individuals with T2DM. Methods: This study employed a Quasi-experiment non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design with a self-help group intervention (n=30) for one month. The sample was selected using the approach of purposive selection with the following inclusion criteria: age between 40 and 65 years, T2DM experience between 3 and 5 years, and the ability to converse, read, and write effectively. Statistical paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used to assess the data. Results: In both groups, self-care management, quality of life, and blood glucose levels at baseline were comparable. After one month of intervention, self-care management, quality of life, and blood glucose levels were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the self-care management and quality of life of individuals with T2DM improved following SHG intervention. Integrating public health effort with an interpersonal collaboration approach will provide an optimal integrated contribution to resolving chronic deseases.
The Impact of Online Game Addiction on Work Productivity Among Individuals Residing in Urban Areas of Indonesia
Background: Indonesia exhibits high smartphone penetration (210.77 million users, 2021) and substantial online gaming engagement, with 26% of gamers aged 18–24 and 20% aged 25–34. Given alarming gaming disorder prevalence (IGD: 14.6% males, 6.2% females; GD: 7.2% males, 2.8% females) and limited research on productivity impacts in urban Indonesia, this study investigates online game addiction's effect on work productivity among young adults in South Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design recruited 95 participants via purposive sampling (aged 18–26, South Jakarta residents, >3 hours/day non-professional gaming). Data collection utilized the validated Indonesian Online Game Addiction Questionnaire (7-item, Cronbach’s α=0.73) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (18-item, Cronbach’s α=0.814–0.871). Normality was confirmed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov testing; SPSS v.28 facilitated Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses. Results: Participants were predominantly male (64.21%), high school-educated (72.63%), and private sector employees (61.05%). Key findings revealed: a significant weak negative correlation between online game addiction and work productivity (r = -0.291, p = 0.04); a strong positive correlation between addiction and gaming duration (r = 0.486, p < 0.001); no correlation between gaming duration and productivity (p = 0.312); and regression indicating addiction explains 9.7% of productivity variance (Adjusted R² = 0.088, β = -0.420, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Online game addiction significantly impairs work productivity among urban Indonesian youth, yet accounts for only 9.7% of variance—underscoring the influence of unaddressed mediators like sleep quality and motivation. Findings necessitate integrating psychiatric nursing interventions within workplace mental health frameworks.
Infant Care In The Agricultural Community Of Ethnic Blambangan Banyuwangi
Background: Data on infant mortality in Banyuwangi shows an increase in the last five years; data on infant breastfeeding has not been achieved either; while Indonesia's history of the Blambangan people, Banyuwangi, is recorded as healthy, strong, and thick with culture, known to be skilled in care, including baby care. Research is needed to find out the culture of infant care in the Blambanga ethnic community so that a good infant care culture can be strengthened to improve health. Methods: The research used an ethnographic research design, with a sample size of 39 people; data were collected through FGDs, in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation and analysed thematically using ethnographic and Colaizzi analysis. Several online applications were used in data processing and diagramming the results, and ethical principles were applied. Results: The themes identified in the culture of infant care in the Blambangan community are cutting the umbilical cord, infant massage, the role of baby shamans, the use of plants as therapy, celebrations for babies, swaddling babies, feeding babies under six months, beliefs related to infant care, and environmental modifications when having children. Some cultures need to be reinforced. Conclusion: The culture of good breastfeeding in the Osing Banyuwangi community, recorded in Indonesian history, must be reconstructed. The culture of good infant care needs to be reinforced to achieve better health, and this research needs to be developed to reconstruct the culture of infant care in the Osing Banyuwangi community.
Validity and User Satisfaction of Educational Applications for Preventive Care of Diabetic Foot Wounds: A Study in Elderly Diabetes Sufferers
Background: Education on using smartphone applications among the elderly to prevent diabetic foot wounds is still limited. Especially if someone pays attention to the limitations of older people with diabetes, such as their lack of mastery in using smartphones, an educational application for preventing diabetic foot wounds, named Rawat Kaki, has been developed by considering various aspects that make it easier for older people to use. This application must be tested for validity and evaluated to obtain an overview of the satisfaction of its users. Methods: The design of this study was exploratory quantitative to see the validity of the application and respondent satisfaction using the Rawat Kaki App. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 140 respondents from the population of Persadia (Indonesian Diabetes Association) members at the RSUD: Surakarta City, Sragen, Salatiga, Klaten Islamic Hospital, and PrambananSleman Yogyakarta Hospital. Five diabetes experts in the medical and nursing fields conduct content validity. Furthermore, respondents tested it three times to measure their satisfaction using the EUCS (End User Computing Satisfaction) questionnaire. Results: The content validity test obtained a value of 1.02 and an alpha Cronbach reliability value of 0.765, so the Rawat Kaki application was declared feasible. Then, the data is collected through a regression test, obtaining an R-value of 0.689, which means 68.9% of application user satisfaction can be explained through the Rawat Kaki application. Conclusion: The high validity and satisfaction of respondents might be a reason to consider using this educational application.
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The Influence of Spiritual Care with Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory Approach on Serotonin Levels in Ischemic Stroke Patients
Background: Ischemic stroke causes physical disability, which can result in an inability to adapt, causing a 72% decrease in serotonin. Decreased serotonin can cause mood changes that adversely impact stroke outcomes. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of spiritual care using Callista Roy's adaptation theory approach on serotonin levels in Ischemic Stroke Patients. Methods: The type of research is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of the study was outpatients of ischemic stroke patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. The sample size was 60 respondents consisting of 30 respondents in the control group and 30 respondents in the intervention group. The intervention group was given a spiritual care intervention by the researcher consisting of 5 sessions each meeting with a duration of 30 minutes. The spiritual care intervention was given once a week 12 times for 3 months and the control group was given standard spiritual therapy by the outpatient nurse at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Serotonin examination using ELISA kit. Data analysis using independent sample t-test. Results: There is an influence of spiritual care with the Callista Roy theory approach on the serotonin levels of ischemic stroke patients with a significance of 0.001 (p value <0.05). Conclusion: Spiritual care interventions with Callista Roy's theoretical approach have a significant influence on improving serotonin levels in ischemic stroke patients, which can reduce anxiety. It is recommended that ischemic stroke patients be given spiritual care 12 times for 3 months.
Exergame: Exercise With Matching Memory Game On Cognitive Function And Physical Fitness Of The Elderly
Background: Cognitive decline and physical deterioration are common issues among the elderly, significantly impacting their quality of life. The unanticipated cognitive impairments will result in dementia. Effective approaches to simultaneously improving both aspects remain to be further developed and evaluated. Exercise with a matching memory game overcomes the issues. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an exergame, combining memory-stimulating games and physical exercise in improving cognitive function and physical fitness among the elderly. Methods: The study was a quick experiment with two groups in a pre-post test design. A number of 119 participants were recruited using purposive sampling and randomly divided into the experimental group (n=60) or the control group (n=59). Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), while physical fitness was measured with the 2-minute step test score. Results: The data was analyzed using a paired t-test, which revealed a significant improvement in MMSE and 2-minute scores in the experimental group before and after the intervention (p < 0.05). Additionally, the independent t-test analysis demonstrated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in both cognitive and physical fitness measures after the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Implementing exercise has a significant positive influence on cognitive function and physical fitness among the elderly. Incorporating an exergame into community health programs for the elderly could provide substantial benefits to their overall well-being.
Effectiveness of Non-Invasive Sensor-Based Tools for Blood Glucose Detection
Background: Monitoring blood glucose levels is one of the main pillars of diabetes management to prevent complications and reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality. Today's blood glucose monitoring is a non-invasive method that offers speed, accuracy, and painless convenience. Referring to this need, this study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of non-invasive sensor-based detection devices in checking blood glucose levels in order to provide a more comfortable and efficient alternative for diabetes patients. Methods: This study developed a non-invasive glucometer using the latest and smaller version of Arduino Uno and tested it on 20 samples, consisting of 10 diabetes mellitus patients and 10 with normal blood glucose. The test was carried out by comparing the measurement results from the non-invasive device and the standard GCU Easy Touch 3-in-1 device to determine the accuracy of the device. The tool-testing method uses sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Results: This non-invasive measuring tool is more effective when used to measure patients with diabetes mellitus. This device shows an error rate of 9.21%, a sensitivity of 80%, and a specificity of 50%. Meanwhile, the overall measurement accuracy, calculated at 83.3%, reinforces the tool's effectiveness in providing reliable results. Conclusion: This device has the potential to be a convenient and painless method of blood glucose monitoring for diabetic patients. However, further development is needed to improve the development of machine learning-based algorithms to process sensor data so that tools can identify unique patterns from each individual and provide more accurate results.
Child-Rearing Methods and Their Impact on Toddler Nutritional Status
Background: Child-rearing methods can influence the prevalence of stunting and wasting in toddlers because parental care plays a crucial role in the availability of food sources consumed by toddlers daily. Additionally, parents are the individuals closest to the growth and development of their children. The aim is to analyze the influence of the child-rearing methods reinforcement on nutritional status. Methods: Analytical observational research type with a cross-sectional design using a total sampling technique with 50 respondents. Data collection using a questionnaire. ANOVA Multiple Linear Regression Test. Results: The results of the analysis show that implementing feeding practices influences nutritional status, with a p-value of 0.007. There is no influence of psychosocial stimulation on children's nutritional status, with a p-value of 0.086. Healthcare practices influence nutritional status, with a p-value of 0.003. The ANOVA test results with an R square value of 0.080 conclude that the independent variable affects the dependent variable by 8%, while other factors influence the remaining 92%. The regression analysis results for the implementation of feeding practices show a p-value of 0.297, psychosocial stimulation shows a p-value of 0.789, and healthcare practices show a p-value of 0.444, indicating that none of these three variables influences children's nutritional status. Conclusion: The role of the family contributes significantly and fundamentally to a child's overall growth and development. The involvement and activity of mothers in nutritional status is an effort to prevent diseases, such as regularly taking their children for complete basic immunizations and providing healthcare.
Family-Centred Nursing Theory and the Functional Consequences Model Improve Diabetes Self-Management in Elderly Diabetics
Background: The self-care management of older diabetics is inconsistent and exhibits low adherence. This incident may be influenced by the elderly's disease management capabilities and familial involvement, which may not be conducive to their health and care. This study aimed to develop a management plan for elderly diabetes mellitus that emphasizes self-efficacy and family involvement. Methods: This research employed an explanatory survey design with a cross-sectional methodology. The probability sampling method, particularly simple random sampling, was employed to choose respondents for this study from a cohort of 100 individuals with diabetes mellitus and their families. We created a thorough assessment questionnaire for diabetes mellitus management in the elderly, utilizing the functional consequence model and family-centred nursing theory as the research framework. The statistical method employed was SEM-PLS. Results: The outer model analysis revealed that all indicators of each construct were valid, with a factor loading value of > 0.7. The inner model analysis revealed that the variables family structure, family function, family stressors, elderly risk factors, age-related changes, and elderly consequence functions had a significant effect with a t-value of >1.96 and p-value <0.05. Conclusion: The diabetic mellitus management model, which is based on self-efficacy and familial support, improves self-care management among the elderly. Nurses should adopt the diabetic mellitus management model to increase patient autonomy and educate families on how to support their loved ones, thereby improving the self-care practices of elderly adults with diabetes.
Determinant Factors of Patient Satisfaction in the Orthopedic Surgery Ward
Background: Patient satisfaction is a crucial measure of health service performance. The fluctuations in this level of accomplishment can serve as empirical evidence for developing quality and patient safety programs. This study seeks to assess and analyse demographic characteristics, the degree of patient satisfaction, and the relationship between respondent characteristics and satisfaction at three orthopedic surgery wards over a span of three time periods: 2021 to 2023. Methods: This study employs a quantitative research methodology adopting a descriptive comparative technique. The independent variables of this study were time period, quality dimensions, and patient characteristics. The dependent variable of this study was patient satisfaction. The data were examined using Kruskal-Wallis’s analysis, the central tendency, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The study showed that the level of patient satisfaction has increased every year (p-value = 0.005), with no significant difference between the three wards (p-value = 0.893). Also, there is no significant correlation with patient satisfaction for each year (p-value > 0.05). Nevertheless, the findings of this study indicate that age significantly influences patient satisfaction in 2021 (p-value = 0.021) and 2023 (p-value = 0.007). Conclusion: It is recommended this research be expanded by exploring other patient characteristic variables and exploring the key elements that significantly influence patient satisfaction in many patient care settings.